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Water usage and irrigation on farms in the USA are primarily regulated by state laws and local water districts. However, the [Clean Water Act](https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act) establishes federal standards for protecting surface water quality, including from agricultural runoff and discharge. Farmers may need to obtain permits for withdrawing water from sources like rivers or groundwater aquifers. Some states also have water conservation programs or restrictions during drought conditions. Irrigation methods and water management practices can impact water usage and runoff, so farmers should consult with local authorities and follow best practices for sustainable water use.